Many sectors of agriculture have operated for several decades under a market where demand for a wide range of skills has exceeded supply. Such a skill shortage can be attributed to a range of reasons as follows:-
- A decline in agricultural graduates (until recent years) as a result of a downturn in the sector due to low commodity prices in the 1990’s followed by prolonged droughts in the early noughty’s.
- Rapid and continued growth in some sectors, such as horticulture, has led to increased demand for specific skills (e.g agronomists)
- More recently the increase in technological inputs into agriculture has led to a demand for skills not previously required in the sector. Precision agriculture, electronics, mechatronics, sensor technology, data analytics, robotics, IoT and the like have created new jobs requiring a collection of skills not previously required, and this trend is set to continue.
In the area of unskilled labour, demand in the sector has also exceeded supply. Australian workers are not attracted to many jobs available in rural and regional Australia due to the nature of the work (fruit picking, crop harvesting, packing and the like) and/or what they perceive as undesirable location of these roles. Government initiatives such as the Seasonal Workers Program and the Pacific Labourer Scheme have been introduced to kerb such shortages and have in large part been successful.
What Implications can we expect due to expected rise in national unemployment attributed to the coronavirus?
Some pundits predict that as a result of the pandemic, unemployment across the community could rise well into double digit figures. This may result in more candidates applying for jobs in the agrifood sector but it will be doubtful whether many of them will have the appropriate or transferable skills to satisfy demand, particularly in jobs that require certain skills set. It is also unlikely that many of the displaced unskilled workers will view, in a favourable light the unskilled jobs available in rural and regional areas that they have previously avoided.
If this skill shortage continues, the importance of immigrants comes into place.
Immigrants from non-English speaking backgrounds have historically played a key role in Australian agriculture. On analysis this will continue to be the case in the future. 48% of immigrants from non-English speaking backgrounds have tertiary degrees compared to 36% of immigrants from English speaking backgrounds and 33% for native born Australians. This applies to Ag sectors that require tertiary qualified professionals such as Agronomy and Precision Agriculture.
The government immigration program continues to select for occupations Australia needs to fill skill shortages via the Skilled Occupation List (SOL) together with the visas granted in relation to them such as the Skilled Employer Sponsored Regional Visa (subclass 494), the Temporary Skill Shortage Visa (Subclass 482) and the like. In the 2019 financial year the Department of Home Affairs received 35,000 applications from Australian businesses to sponsor skilled workers of which only 880 were for the agricultural sector. There appears to be significant further potential for the agrifood sector to benefit from this important source of skilled labour.
For further information on Solutions to Skill Shortages in Australian Agriculture and other topics download a free copy of our 2019 Agribusiness Trends and Salary Report.
